Some Leading Muslims in History

[lot]

This is a partial list of some of the leading Muslims. Major Muslim contributions continued beyond the fifteenth century. Contributions of more than one hundred other major Muslim personalities can be found in several famous publications by Western historians.

Jabir Ibn Haiyan (Geber) Chemistry (Father of Chemistry) Died 803 C.E.
Al-Asmai Zoology, Botany, Animal Husbandry. 740 - 828

Al-Khwarizmi (Algorizm) Mathematics, Astronomy, Geography. (Algorithm, Algebra, calculus) 770 - 840

'Amr ibn Bahr Al-Jahiz Zoology, Arabic Grammar, Rhetoric, Lexicography 776 - 868

Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (Alkindus) Philosophy, Physics, Optics, Medicine, Mathematics, Metallurgy. 800 - 873

Thabit Ibn Qurrah (Thebit) Astronomy, Mechanics, Geometry, Anatomy. 836 - 901

'Abbas Ibn Firnas Mechanics of Flight, Planetarium, Artificial Crystals. Died 888

Ali Ibn Rabban Al-Tabari Medicine, Mathematics, Caligraphy, Literature. 838 - 870

Al-Battani (Albategnius) Astronomy, mathematics, Trigonometry. 858 - 929

Al-Farghani (Al-Fraganus) Astronomy, Civil Engineering. C. 860

Al-Razi (Rhazes) Medicine, Ophthalmology, Smallpox, Chemistry, Astronomy. 864 - 930

Al-Farabi (Al-Pharabius) Sociology, Logic, Philosophy, Political Science, Music. 870 - 950

Abul Hasan Ali Al-Masu'di Geography, History. Died 957
Al-Sufi (Azophi) Astronomy 903 - 986

Abu Al-Qasim Al-Zahravi (Albucasis) Surgery, Medicine. (Father of Modern Surgery) 936 - 1013

Muhammad Al-Buzjani Mathematics, Astronomy, Geometry, Trigonometry. 940 - 997

Ibn Al-Haitham (Alhazen) Physics, Optics, Mathematics. 965 - 1040

Al-Mawardi (Alboacen) Political Science, Sociology, Jurisprudence, Ethics. 972 - 1058

Abu Raihan Al-Biruni Astronomy, Mathematics. (Determined Earth's Circumference) 973-1048

Ibn Sina (Avicenna) Medicine, Philosophy, Mathematics, Astronomy. 981 - 1037

Al-Zarqali (Arzachel) Astronomy (Invented Astrolabe). 1028 - 1087

Omar Al-Khayyam Mathematics, Poetry. 1044 - 1123

Al-Ghazali (Algazel) Sociology, Theology, Philosophy. 1058 - 1111


Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Yahya (Ibn Bajjah) Philosophy, Medicine, Mathematics, Astronomy, Poetry, Music. 1106 - 1138

Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar) Surgery, Medicine. 1091 - 1161

Al-Idrisi (Dreses) Geography (World Map, First Globe). 1099 - 1166

Ibn Tufayl, Abdubacer Philosophy, Medicine, Poetry. 1110 - 1185

Ibn Rushd (Averroes) Philosophy, Law, Medicine, Astronomy, Theology. 1128 - 1198

Al-Bitruji (Alpetragius) Astronomy Died 1204

Ibn Al-Baitar Pharmacy, Botany Died 1248

Nasir Al-Din Al-Tusi Astronomy, Non-Euclidean Geometry. 1201 - 1274

Jalal Al-Din Rumi Sociology 1207 - 1273

Ibn Al-Nafis Damishqui Anatomy 1213 - 1288

Al-Fida (Abdulfeda) Astronomy, Geography, History. 1273 - 1331

Muhammad Ibn Abdullah (Ibn Battuta) World Traveler. 75,000
mile voyage from Morocco to China and back. 1304 - 1369

Ibn Khaldun Sociology, Philosophy of History, Political Science. 1332 - 1395

Ulugh Beg Astronomy 1393 - 1449

The dates in the table are converted from the Islamic calendar (A.H.) which begins with Hejira, the migration of Prophet Muhammad (s) from Makkah to Medinah. The calendar is based on lunar monthly cycles. 1 A.H. = 622 C.E.