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FOOD AND DRINK
(According to the Qur'an and Sunnah,
as extracted and inferred by scholars of the Hanafi school.)
From "Mukhtasar al-Quduri", a matn of Hanafi fiqh
Hunting
Permissibility
Use of Animals
Shooting
Slaughtering
Conditions
The Animal
Types
What May and May not be Eaten
Beverages
1.0 HUNTING
1.1 Permissibility
1. The hunting of a Zoroastrian, apostate or idolater may not be eaten.
2. It is permissible to hunt those animals whose meat may be eaten, and also those which may not be eaten.
If one slaughters that whose meat may not be eaten, its flesh and skin become pure, except for the human and the pig, for slaughter does not have any effect on them [for the purpose of useability]
1.2 Use of Animals
1. It is permissible to hunt with a trained dog, panther, falcon, or any other trained predatory animal or bird.
The training of a dog is : that it refrain from eating three times.
The training of a falcon is : that it return when you call it.
2. So, if one sends his trained dog, or falcon, or hawk, and mentions the name of Allah, the Exalted upon it at the time of sending, and then [the animal] seizes the prey and wounds it such that it dies, it is permissible to eat it.
If the dog eats from it, it may not be eaten, but if the falcon eats from it, it can be eaten.
If the dog strangles [the prey] and does not wound it, it may not be eaten.
If an untrained dog - or a Zoroastrian’s dog, or a dog on which the name of Allah, the Exalted was not mentioned - participated with [the trained dog], it may not be eaten.
3. If the sender reaches the prey alive, it is obligatory upon him to slaughter it, and so if he refrains from slaughtering it until it died, then it may not be eaten.
1.3 Shooting
1. If a man shoots an arrow at prey, and mentions the name of Allah at the time of shooting, he may eat what he strikes provided the arrow wounded it so that it died [as a result]. But, if he reaches it alive, he [must] slaughter it, and so if he refrains from slaughtering it until it died, then it may not be eaten.
If the arrow strikes, and the animal struggles [and moves] so that it disappears from him, but he continues to pursue it until he overcomes it dead, it may be eaten. But, if he sat back from pursuing it, and then came upon it dead, it may not be eaten.
If he strikes quarry which then falls into the water and dies, it may not be eaten.
Similarly, if it falls on an inclined surface or mountain, and then tumbles down to the ground, it may not be eaten, but if it falls to the ground initially, it may be eaten.
If someone shoots a quarry, and strikes it without incapacitating it nor preventing it from escaping, and then someone else shoots it and kills it, it is his and may be eaten. But, if the first one incapacitates it and then the second one kills it, it may not be eaten, and the latter must reimburse the former for its price less its wound
2. That which a featherless arrow strikes with its breadth may not be eaten, but if it wounds [the quarry] it may be eaten.
That which is struck by a pebble may not be eaten if it dies from that.
3. If one shoots at quarry and severs a piece from it, [the animal] may be eaten, but the piece may not be eaten. But, if he cuts it in thirds, and the major portion is adjacent to the rump, then it may [all]be eaten. If the major portion is adjacent ot the head, the larger portion may be eaten, but the lesser one may not.
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