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5.0 OTHER NON-OCCASIONAL PRAYERS
5.1 Witr
1. Witr is three rak`ah, which one does not separate with salam.
2. One makes [du`a] qunoot in the third [rak`ah] before ruku`, throughout the year.
3. One recites the Opening of the Book, and a Surah along with it, in every rak`ah of witr.
4. When one desires to perform qunoot, he pronounces takbir, raises his hands, and then recites qunut.
5. One does not recite qunut in any salah other than [it, except on occasions of calamity].
5.2 Missed Prayers
1. Whoever misses a prayer makes it up when he remembers it, and necessarily performs it before the prayer of the time, unless he fears missing the [time of] the current prayer, in which case he first performs the prayer of the time, and then makes up [the missed prayer].
2. If he missed many prayers, he makes them up in sequence, as they were originally due, unless the missed prayers [are equal to or] exceed six prayers, in which case the sequence is waived in them.
5.3 Voluntary Prayers
1. The sunnah salah is that one pray :
two rak`ah after the rise of dawn,
four [rak`ah] before zuhr, and two after it
four before `asr, or if one wishes two,
two rak`ah after maghrib,
four [rak`ah] before `isha’, and four after it, or if he wishes two.
2. In the supererogatory (nafl) of the day : if one wishes, he can pray two rak`ah with a single taslim, or if he wishes four. It is disliked to exceed that.
3. As for the supererogatory [prayers] of the night : Abu Hanifah said : if one prays eight rak`ah with a single taslim, it is valid, and it is disliked to exceed that. Abu Yusuf and Muhammad said : By night one should not exceed two rak`ah with a single taslim.
4. Whoever enters into nafl salah, and then invalidates it, makes it up. If one prayed four rak`ah, and sat after the first two, and then invalidated the last two, he makes up two rak`ah.
5. One may perform nafl sitting [even] with capability to stand. If one began it standing, and then sat down, it is valid according to Abu Hanifah. Abu Yusuf and Muhammad said : it is not permissible except for an excuse.
6. It is permissible for who is outside settled area to perform nafl, by gesturing, [while riding] on his beast, in whatever direction it faces.
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